Sunday, August 18, 2019
Doc Holiday Essay -- essays research papers
Doc Holiday      Doc Holiday could be known as the most skillful gambler, the nerviest, fastest, and deadliest man with a six-shooter. John Henry Holiday was born on August 14, 1851 in Griffin, Georgia. His father was Henry Broughs, and mother Alice Jane Holiday. Their first child Martha Elenore, had died at six months of age on January 8, 1889. Holidays father was a druggist by trade and later became a wealthy planter, lawyer, and during the civil was he was a confederate Major. Holiday suffered a terrible loss when his mother Alice Jane died on September 16, 1886. This was a tragedy for Doc, due to being so close to his mother. Holidays father remarried Three months later to Rachel Martin on December 18, 1886. Then the family moved to Valdosta, Georgia. Due to his father’s high status, Holiday chose the profession of dentistry. In 1872 Holiday enrolled in Pennsylvania College of Dental and Surgery on March 1. He graduated with a class of twenty-six other men, and then soon opened an office with Dr. Arthur C. Ford in Atlanta.      After Holidays practice he soon found out the he had contracted tuberculosis. Doctors of whom he consulted with said he only had months to live, and suggested moving to a dryer climate. Doc packed up and headed west to Dallas, Texas. Holiday found a position with a Dr. John A. Segar, and prepared for business. Soon his illness over came him, and as a result his dental business gradually declined...
Saturday, August 17, 2019
Hypertension: Normal Blood Pressure
Hypertension is a chronic or persistent medical condition also known as high blood pressure. This condition causes the arteries to consistently elevate blood pressure. When high blood pressure is normal, the blood flows through smoothly because the artery wall is smooth. However, when an individual is diagnosed with high blood pressure, the blood flows through the arteries with too much force. Eventually, high blood pressure can cause serious damage to the arteries if it goes untreated. Also, high blood pressure causes the heart to have to work much harder than normal to keep up the flow of blood through the arteries.Hypertension can lead to damaged organs and several illnesses such as kidney failure and strokes. About 33% of people aren’t aware that they have high blood pressure. This ignorance can go on for years. For this reason, it is important to do periodic blood pressure screenings even if there are no symptoms present.The normal blood pressure for an individual is 120/ 80 where 120 represents the systolic measure (peak pressure in the arteries) and 80 represents the diastolic measure (minimum pressure in the arteries). Blood pressure of between 120/80 and 130/89 is called pre-hypertension. Blood pressure of 140/90 or above is considered hypertension.There are two classifications for hypertension, which are essential or secondary. Essential is the term used for high blood pressure when its cause is unknown. Unknown causes for hypertension accounts for about 95% of cases. Alternatively, secondary hypertension is the term for high blood pressure with causes related to kidney disease, tumors or birth control pills. Although the exact causes of hypertension are unknown, there are several factors that are often associated with this condition such as:Smoking Obesity or being overweight Childhood obesity Diabetes Sedentary lifestyle Lack of physical High levels of salt intake Insufficient calcium, potassium or magnesium intake Vitamin D deficiency High le vels of alcohol consumption Aging Stress, Medications such as birth control pills Genetics (a family history of hypertension) Clinic Kidney Disease Adrenal or thyroid problems or tumors.Symptoms associated with severe hypertension are severe headaches, fatigue or confusion, dizziness, nausea, problems with vision, chest pain, breathing problems, irregular heartbeat, and blood in the urine. You can find out whether or not you have hypertension by visiting a health professional who measures blood pressure. Remember, if your blood pressure is over 140/90 you will be diagnosed with hypertension. However, you can treat hypertension medically or by making lifestyle adjustments such as weight-loss, quit smoking, eating a healthy diet, reducing sodium intake, exercising regularly, and eliminating alcohol consumption. Medical options for treating hypertension include several classes of drugs that your health professional would prescribe based upon your specific condition and needs.
Friday, August 16, 2019
Compare the Structure and Function of Collagen and Haemoglobin Essay
Haemoglobin is a transport protein that carries oxygen from the lungs to the tissues and carries carbon dioxide from the tissues back to the lungs. In order to function most efficiently, haemoglobin needs to bind to oxygen tightly when the oxygen concentration is high in the lungs and be able to release oxygen rapidly in the relatively low partial pressure in the tissues. I will be comparing the structure and function of haemoglobin with the structure and function of collagen, which is a structural protein. Collagen’s functions are quite different from those of globular proteins such as enzymes; tough bundles of collagen called collagen fibers are a major component of the extracellular matrix that supports most tissues and gives cells structure from the outside. Collagen is also present in certain cells as it has great tensile strength, and is the main component of fascia, cartilage, ligaments, tendons, bone and teeth. Primary Structure; the number, type and sequence of amino acids The primary level of structure in a protein is the linear sequence of amino acids, formed by a condensation reaction. The primary structure of these proteins are very different. The haemoglobin molecule consists of four polypeptide (globin) chains, where as collagen is made up of three polypeptide chains wound round each other. In Haemoglobin there are a wide range of amino acid constituents in the primary structure, in contrast 35% of collagen’s primary structure is glycine. This difference in primary structure causes the proteins themselves to be different; due to the original different primary structure the haemoglobin protein is soluble in water whereas the collagen protein is not. Secondary structure; Formed when the chain of amino acid coils or folds to form an alpha helix or beta pleated sheet. Haemoglobin is comprised of four polypeptide subunits, two with alpha helix secondary structure and two with beta pleated sheet form. All four components carry a heme group that can bind to oxygen, and all four components must be present to form haemoglobin. The shape of the haemaglobin affects its ability to carry oxygen, and travel freely throughout the circulatory system. Whereas Collagen’s secondary structure involves three strands of protein bonded together between the chains with hydrogen bonds and then twisted into a helix that is referred to as a ‘collagen helix’. Tertiary structure; the final three dimensional shape of protein is formed when these coils and pleats coil or fold. Due to interactions between R-groups of the different amino acids. The tertiary structure or overall shape of collagen protein subunits is a helical chain. Due to the ways in which the amino acids are arranged the protein can be hydrophobic or hydrophilic. Soluble proteins, like haemoglobin will fold with the hydrophobic side on the inside and the hydrophilic side on the outside. As with all proteins the tertiary structure of each subunit is held in place by a number of bonds and interactions, these interation give the subunits and whole molecule very specific shapes, this is why haemoglobin and collagen differ so greatly in structure and in function as the shape of the molecule (due to the tertiary structure) is vital for the molecule to carry out its function. Quaternary structure; some proteins are made up of more than one polypeptide subunit joined together.  The quaternary structure of haemoglobin consists of four polypeptide subunits. Two are called alpha chains and two are called beta chains. The four subunits together form one haemoglobin molecule, which is water soluble. In comparison, The quaternary structure of collagen consists of three left-handed helices twisted into a right-handed coil. Fibrous proteins, like collagen contain polypeptide chains arranged in long strands or sheets, whereas globular proteins, like haemoglobin have polypeptide chains that are folded in a spherical shape. Due to the differences in structure of collagen and haemoglobin their shape and function also differ greatly. The triple helix structure of collagen gives the structure strength and therefore the function of collagen is to provide mechanical strength in many areas. Where as the presence of a prosthetic group, Haem, in the structure of haemoglobin means oxygen can bind to the iron. This means that one complete haemoglobin molecule can bind up to four
Thursday, August 15, 2019
Music meter
Appreciating music as the universal language of the soul is more of an instinct and should not be tiring. However, dealing with music formally exposes us to a lot of technical aspects that may appear a little complicated especially for beginners who eventually get exhausted in the learning process. But not all technical issues remain confusing. In music studies, meter is perhaps easiest understood. It is almost an automatic information absorbed by a listener without having to look at a chart or any written guide. The simple hand clap or stomping of the feet acquaints our ears so we can easily follow a tune. Even children can be surprisingly responsive to the music they listen to. Because it is fundamental, learning music meter would not take too much of your time. By simply focusing the mind, one can easily go to the next level. Body Music meter is the arrangement of rhythm in fixed, regular patterns with a uniform number of beats [or pulse] in uniform measures (Dudley et al, pp. 240). At this point, the word ‘timing’ becomes the main concern. Formal musical pieces indicate the meter applied through time signature, which is the fraction number indicated beside the clef symbol at the beginning of the staff or that five horizontal placement lines that hold the notes (Fig 1). The numerator tells us how many basic beats there are in each measure, and the denominator tells the basic duration value of the beat (Dudley et al, pp. 241). It consists of equal divisions and subdivisions translated into counts of 1-&–2-&-1-&-2 (Schmidt-Jones, pp. 3) or ONE two, ONE two (Dudley et al, pp. 241). This depends on the types of music meter used. Fig. 1 The staff, plural form: staves There are actually two traditional patterns of music meter widely used in Western music, the duple, triple, and quadruple, which breaks into simple and compound sub-patterns. For example, the duple pattern have simple duple and compound duple; the same goes for the rest. â€Å"In a simple meter, each beat is basically divided into halves. In compound meters, each beat is divided into thirds.†(Schmidt-Jones) This can be written as: Duple simple             1-and-2-and-1-and-2                                                2/4 Triple simple              1-and-2-and-3-and-1-and-2-and-3                           3/4 Quadruple simple      1-and-2-and-3-and-4-and-1-and-2-and-3-and-4      4/4 Duple compound      1-and-a-2-and-1-and-a-2                                          6/8  (pp. 3) Sometimes, a single piece can contain a number of time signatures. Sometimes, it can contain no definite pattern at all. A music piece that does not follow a specific time signature is called free meter. This is common in Gregorian chants or plainsong, and some cultural music that has distorted beats and pulses, which can be really frustrating for a listener as they can be hardly followed. There are also experimental musicians who does not stick to certain music patterns. Conclusion Music meter is one of the basic elements of music that is evidently easy to learn until we can come up with a professionally designed composition. Musicians and listeners to day has more advantage as music has progressed with a lot of new things to discover and experiment with. One only needs to look a few years back to know its historic details, which can be more interesting than today’s versions. Anyone can even educate themselves about it with the help of comprehensive and concise reading materials. References Dudley, L., Faricy, A., Rice, J. G. (1978) Elements of Music. The Humanities. (Sixth Edition, pp. 238-271). US: McGraw-Hill, Inc. Schmidt-Jones, C. (2007) Meter In Music. Connexions Module, Version 1.7, Retrieved February 15, 2007 from http://cnx.org/content/m12405/latest/
Wednesday, August 14, 2019
Men vs Women: Eating Habits
Kevin Walker Professor Echelberger ENG 201 2 March 2010 Eating Habits: Men versus Women Getting a hot meal in college is very easy. Most college students have a very short walk to their campus cafeteria. Entering the cafeteria, there is generally an array of meals to choose from. Researchers have been studying the eating habits of college students for a while. Although the studies are predominately due to the typical increase in weight of Americans over the past few centuries, the data has shown interesting results not pertaining to their research.A fascinating question has arisen to add to the ponderous question of how men and women differ. The question that I was looking to gain knowledge on was â€Å"how do men and women vary in food choices? †Central Michigan University’s cafeteria Rfoc (Real Food on Campus) was the perfect observatory for my research. The university’s campus hosts sixteen different locations to get meals from. The assortment of cafeterias a llows for tremendous convenience to the students who need to fit several meals into a jam packed day. Do these busy days force students to eat quick unhealthy snacks instead of a nutritious meal?Many researchers think the stress from school and a busy schedule force students to put nutrition on the back burner. Others have seen a trend in eating healthy or unhealthy between men and women. Considering all I have to do is walk down four flights of stairs to the Rfoc, I chose to observe at this location. Walking into the cafeteria there were many vantage points to choose from. The main floor seating would be good since it would put me in the middle of the most eaters. Then I started thinking about how I’d be looked at funny for staring at people since I might lock eyes with someone.Next vantage point I looked at was the tables by the Mediterranean pasta station. Only problem with sitting there was that I would see mostly people eating the Mediterranean food which would skew my o bservations. Finally I found the perfect lookout point. The bar by the on the left side of the cafeteria seemed ideal since the high bar stools would give me a bird’s eye view of the peoples’ plates without being looked at funny for creeping. From my post I could see the salad bar, Mediterranean pasta station, international station, Mediterranean pizza station, American dinner station and the produce stand.The only stations I couldn’t see were American dinner, southern kitchen and the dessert station. Since I could see majority of the stations and tables I decided I’d stay in this location to observe. With the observing location picked out all I needed was to figure out what was the best time to observe. From my own personal experience throughout the school year I know when the most people tend to be down there. Breakfast usually gets a decent amount of people from around nine thirty till ten thirty when breakfast ends. However, since breakfast doesn†™t have a large variety of choices there wouldn’t be much to compare.With breakfast no longer in the running, lunch and dinner were the only two possible times to go. Thinking back to the mind-boggling lines I have had to wait in at dinner time I decided dinner was the best time to observe. Dinner would have a wide range of food offered and more people to observe allowing for better data. When I walked into the cafeteria, the cute girl working the reception desk swiped my card to subtract one meal from my plan. Like any other typical time eating in the Rfoc I walked up to the display table showing all the possible meals for the day.Each meal consists of a main dish and possible sides. Southern kitchen offered a marinated pork loin with mashed potatoes and carrots. American dinner was a hamburger offered with toppings like bacon, lettuce, tomatoes, and cheese in addition to fries. Mediterranean pizza had an array of cheese, pepperoni, and ham pizzas. International served an orange chicken with rice and vegetables dish. Fettuccini alfredo and marinara sauces were the possible toppings for the linguini noodles at the Mediterranean pasta station. Desserts consisted of fudge brownies, chocolate chip cookies and ice cream.The ice cream machine had chocolate and vanilla with toppings like reese’s, chocolate chips, fudge, chocolate syrup, marshmallow cream and heath bars. Salad bar had the typical salad bar contents to choose from to make a personal salad with. Some of the available meals were healthy and some were very unhealthy. I quickly grabbed my plate of the chicken from the salad bar since on a diet and made my way to my post. Previous to going to the cafeteria I made a very detailed excel spreadsheet to sort my observations into.I am a neat freak so I wanted it to be easy to do and presentable. Although my bladder didn’t want to I stayed in the cafeteria for a little over an hour recording what the visible guys and girls were eating. I r ecorded which meals the guys picked and which meals the girls went with. In addition, I took note of whether or not guys and girls grabbed fruit since unlike vegetables they are not included in the meals. Since drinks don’t have nutritional value I didn’t record what each gender drank. Once I had all of my data I went back to my dorm and graphed the numbers into a bar graph.The graph showed men out ate women at Southern Kitchen, Mediterranean Pizza, American Dinner, International Station and the Dessert Station. Thus, women out ate men at the Salad Bar, Mediterranean Pasta, and Fruit. Based on the foods served at these stations, men tended to eat more meat, poultry, and grains than women. Vegetables and fruit were consumed by more women than men as predicted by Tina’s study in The Indianapolis Star. Grains were split between the two genders since women consumed more pasta then men and men consumed more pizza than women.My data agrees with Judith Rodriguez when s he said, â€Å"Male college students are more likely to eat from the meat, poultry, fish, dry beans, and nut groups†. Throughout my observations, I saw a trend in the eating habits of men and women. Nanci Hellmich was correct when saying, â€Å"Eating habits of men and women in college are different†. The reasoning for the difference could be anything from males hoping the protein in the meats would help build bigger muscles to women eating vegetables and fruit because they are â€Å"obsessed with maintaining their figure†(LeFebvre).However, my data does not supply sufficient information to justify the reasoning behind the genders’ tendencies of eating certain foods. Men and women have many similarities and differences, but when pertaining to eating habits they are very different. Works Cited Hellmich, Nanci. â€Å"College eating habits are clogged with fat. †USA Today. 10 Jan. 2002. Web. 11 Feb. 2010. . LeFebvre, Cathy. â€Å"College eating hab its analyzed by researchers, students. The Daily Orange. 23 Sept. 2002. Web. 11 Feb. 2010. . Rodriguez, Judith C. â€Å"College Students. †Faqs. org. Web. . Tina. â€Å"Study: Women Eat Healthier Than Men. †The Indianapolis Star. 8 Apr. 2007. Web. 11 Feb. 2010. .
Tuesday, August 13, 2019
THERAPUTIC HYPOTHERMIA FOR NEUROPROTECTION POST ADULT CARDIAC ARREST Essay
THERAPUTIC HYPOTHERMIA FOR NEUROPROTECTION POST ADULT CARDIAC ARREST - Essay Example Once these ischemic injuries set in, they leave patients with symptoms including high body temperature and other neurological dysfunctions. In such cases, the need to find protective interventions to deal with these aftermath effects becomes highly important and urgent. In this paper, one critical intervention to dealing with post adult cardiac arrest, which has effects like risk of ischemic injury to tissue, which is therapeutic hypothermia discussed for its effectiveness and efficiency as a care approach. Neurological anatomy and physiology is discussed due to the relationship between neurological wellbeing and post cardiac arrest. As Arrich, Holzer, Havel, Mà ¼llner and Herkner (2012) note, â€Å"Good neurologic outcome after cardiac arrest is hard to achieve†. An understanding of the neurological anatomy and physiology will therefore make it possible to know why this is so and how this situation can effectively be tackled using therapeutic hypothermia. Quote (year) explained that neurological system comprises of two major components, which are the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Whereas the PNS is mainly made up of nerves that exit from the spinal cord, the CNS comprises the brain, the spinal cord, and the cranial nerves. Three major organs can therefore be anatomically and physiologically identified, which are brain, spinal cord and the vertebral column. Functionally, the brain is responsible for functions including â€Å"imagination, memory, speech, and limb movements to secretion hormones and control of various organs within the body†(Sehati, 2009). These functions are however made possible by the collective functioning of other cells, tissues and organs including brain cells, meninges, cerebrospinal fluid (csf), ventricles, brainstem, thalamus, cerebellum, lobes, cerebrum, hypothalamus, pituitary gland, basal ganglia, pineal gland, and cranial
Winning the West for Women by Jennifer M Ross-Nazzal Essay
Winning the West for Women by Jennifer M Ross-Nazzal - Essay Example In this book, Ross-Nazzal analyzes the situations that Emma DeVoe underwent as a suffragist in the American west and shows the clashes of personality, conflicts, disagreements and hard workings of the efforts to attain the vote for women in the American west at national level from the year 1889 till Emma’s death in 1927 (Ross-Nazzal 5). This book is fascinating in the sense that Ross-Nazzal stresses that Emma’s career offers a unique platform through which to fully comprehend the suffrage reform movement in America. In this, the career of Emma is a manifestation of women’s struggle to attain the vote. She clearly demonstrates how local and state suffrage unions or organizations in American west related to the National American women suffrage association and how this organization solicited for funds as well as depicting how suffragist attained the hard work of long distance travel and politicking. This book reveals that women suffrage movement was not monolithic a s they combined with other people throughout the country to raise money to fund the organization so that their grievances were heard. The author of the book presents DeVoe as radical feminist in that she used feminine perspective to influence people in endorsing enfranchisement and particularly the use of sweetness in talking to male voters. For instance, she emphasized her appearance as a woman during public forums and talks striving to look lady like in presentation and demeanor. It is interesting to note that DeVoe’s tactics were effective in the sense she managed to convert both sexes to raise money, draw the support of businessmen and politicians and lastly bringing sanity and respect to the movement for women’s suffrage. Ross-Nazzal states that the prominence of DeVoe in suffrage movement gained centre stage when she was in South Dakota in 1880. South Dakota was a rotten place in that it included prostitution and gambling in that there was no moral order in that place. Therefore, DeVoe started engaging in moral reforms in order to eliminate these ills, often singing to various reform audiences (Ross-Nazzal 6). In addition, DeVoe planned for campaigns while in Dakota in order to get voters to support the suffrage movement. It is these events that shaped the career of DeVoe in that she began expanding the role of reform and the road to national healing and reconciliation. In the 1880s, she moved towards working for women’s’ suffrage movement at a time when she came to belief in women’s political rights that would help eliminate prostitution, drunkenness and other social ills witnessed during her stay at Huron in South Dakota. In addition, it is interesting to note that while in South Dakota, she voted for constitutional amendment geared towards women’s suffrage. In her move to support amendments in the constitution, she oftenly spoke using patriotism, humor, memories of civil war and conciliatory perspectives to bo th sexes so as to persuade audiences. She received criticism during her South Dakota campaigns in that she was accused of self serving, selfish and ambitious. In this book, Ross-Nazzal states that DeVoe moved to Washington where she gained a national reputation as a true patriot. In addition, she was given the position of a lecturer at NAWSA. She travelled widely organizing State and local suffrage clubs and bringing in money. Her position as NASWA lecturer better placed in that she was now in a position to travel widely and popularize the suffrage movement. More so, she spent her time organizing and soliciting for funds in States like Illinois, Montana and Nevada (Ross-Nazzal 18). The relation between populism and suffragist delayed the movement objectives as in some such as North Dakota populists delayed the movem
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