The Impact of Structural Changes in Rents on Different People Research Paper

The Impact of Structural Changes in Rents on Different People - Research Paper Example The previous Conservative government up to 1997 had a policy of allowing social rents to increase with the intention of reducing public expenditure on subsidies with little regard to the impact on affordability or work incentives for tenants. They argued that rent increases allowed help to be diverted to those in greatest need. Better-off tenants met rent increases out of their own pockets while Housing Benefit 'took the strain' for the poorer tenants. This, however, created serious problems of benefit dependency and work disincentives throughout the country. The present Labour Government has already introduced the national minimum wage and Working Families Tax Credit (WFTC) in order to tackle poverty, promote work incentives and reduce benefit dependency. Realignment of rents in line with this thinking has been taken up on priority. The Office of the Deputy Prime Minister (ODPM) now changed to the Department of Communities and Local Government (DCLG) [since May 2006] has issued seve ral guidelines on the calculation and setting of rent for different social housing properties. Since April 2002 rents are calculated according to a formula based on relative property values, local earnings and property size. Restructured rents are calculated using the formula and data set out in the DCLG guide to Social Rent Reforms. Circular R2-27/01: ‘Rent Influencing Regime – Implementing the Rent Restructuring Framework’ also sets out the calculation of target rents. The complex mosaic of rental patterns in the social rented sector begins to make sense once the nature of individual rent schemes is explored.

For Further Thought Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

For Further Thought - Essay Example The ethical issues arising before a teacher researcher may be dealt with easily in case you’ve got a sense of tact and have respect to other people. And yet, it is very useful to be reminded of professional ethics from time to time. As you read the chapter you feel embarrassed as to the results of the study undertook in the Billabong Elementary School, which aim was sooner to prove once again the advantages of the school in order to share them with the rest of the world. Even on the condition that we do not work at the school there appears a rash desire to change and improve everything. This is not our task, however. A teacher researcher is an outside observer, polite, thoughtful, and respectful. I find that the ethical guideline for teacher research outlined in the article is of great value for both beginning and working researchers. It is a kind of basic rules to be followed in work, which is associated with much intimacy and interpersonal relationships. The article provided a clear vision of answers to the questions put, though I felt rather confused at first. As to the data drawing a negative picture of individual teachers in the school, there exist certain rules concerning the how to do a research. It is very important to inform the faculty about the problems the school has. However, it should be done in an impersonal manner, without concrete names and grades. The confidentiality and anonymity are the major requirements of any research. So the faculty and the director should be explained the rules at once and informed that no names will be mentioned. A good professional will always understand his mistakes without being personally pointed to them. The rest of the faculty did not know about the problem, so let them stay unaware of their colleagues’ mistakes. It is not our task to prosecute anybody. We only propose help; people should make choices and decisions themselves. Moreover, the results of the study showed

The Lungs Essay Example for Free

The Lungs Essay When air enters the lungs, it travels down the bronchus, which divides like a tree, which gets smaller and smaller. At the end of each tiny branch, or bronchiole, is a structure called alveoli. Alveoli are like little balloons of air sacks. Alveoli are full of oxygen-rich air that has been drawn into the lungs during inspiration. This oxygen needs to get into the blood, so that the cardiovascular system can fulfil its role of transporting the oxygen to the working cells. This movement of oxygen takes place in the alveoli, where a capillary can always be found close by, and the oxygen can move from one place to another that is from the lungs into the blood. The capillary that is close to the alveoli is carrying the blood that has been pumped from the body via the heart. It is carrying a lot of carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide move from the blood into the alveoli, at the same time that the oxygen is moving in the other direction. This process is known as gaseous movement. The movement of oxygen from the alveoli to the blood can be less efficient if the person is suffering from a respiratory disease, and has built up in the lungs. Questions: 1) Explain the term Inspiration 2) Explain the term Expiration 3) Draw a flow diagram of the sequence of events that occurs during expiration. 4) Draw a simple sketch of the size of the rib cage and diaphragm at the start of inspiration, and at the end of inspiration. 5) What effects does the size of the lungs have on the movement of air into and out of the lungs? 6) Why is it important that the suction between lungs and the ribs is maintained? 7) Using a blank diagram label the structures of the respiratory system. 8) Refer to the cardiovascular system and suggest where the heart would be positioned on your diagram. 9) What happens to the dust that is filtered out of the nasal passage

Case Study: Challenges to Healthy Ageing

Case Study: Challenges to Healthy Ageing Triumphs and Challenges in Healthy Aging Stacey Obispo Everyone has got a story. Your story along with everyone else’s’ develops as you advance through life. Research theorist have studied the stories of different people and have concluded that a persons’ story develops based on; their personal characteristics, the environment in which they live, time, relationships that they have, life transitions encountered and social change (Hutchinson, 2010). The life course perspective looks at how age, life transitions, relationships and social change has formed people’s lives from birth to death (Hutchinson). Encompassing one’s life course perspective is a path full of twists and turns followed by triumphs and challenges aging brings. In this issue of Healthy Aging, an interview with Crista Doe is shared with readers to show has her her life course perspective has developed thus far and how activity and disengagement theories in aging fair in explaining her level of satisfaction or dissatisfaction with aging. Interview with Crista Doe Crista Doe is a 75 years old woman living in Lake Elsinore, CA. She is a widowed lesbian who lost her partner of 50 years 5 years ago. Currently, Crista lives by herself in a modest one story cottage style home. Crista retired at the age of 65 as a records administrator. She was employed by the State of California. She chose retirement at 65 so that she could be a fulltime caregiver for her ailing wife at the time. Now that Crista has reached her later years, she enjoys gardening and being a member of the Reptile Society. However, Crista’s physical disabilities have kept her from gardening as frequently as she would like and from being an active member (one that goes to road shows and schools educating the public about reptiles) of the Reptile Society. Crista does not relate to her younger and only surviving family member. She has little to no relationship with her nephew because she never had a good relationship with her nephew’s mother (her sister) growing up. As a result of her failing relationship with her sister she distanced herself from her and her nephew. Crista is the younger of two sisters. Her sisters were 15 and 16 years older than she, both have passed away. Historical change that impacted Crista’s life was WWII. Crista was born and raised in Germany during WWII. She never saw daylight until she was five years old because she and her family lived in underground bunkers and could only come out during nightfall. Her dad was a Nazi army sergeant in Germany. He did not want his position or role in the army but felt that he had no choice but to serve. Crista’s dad and family were Mormons but out of fear of death they never revealed their beliefs to officials. At the age of 5, frequent bombings from the allied forces during the day forced Crista to run out of her bunker. She vividly remembers an American pilot flying low and looking at her then firing. At the time she was able to get cover but debris flying from the air caused by the firing left her scathed. As a result from the attack; she received a back injury and partial hearing loss. Soon after the attack, her dad surrendered to allied forces and was executed. After the war ended, Crista entered into adolescence and along with her mom, and sisters left Germany to live in the U.S. Crista says she had little to no socialization when she lived in Germany. She felt that her socialization process began in her adolescence in the U.S. However she encountered problems at school with students and staff. When she entered High School she dropped out soon after because she was angry. She was angry about the way history books retold stories about the war and how others believed it without question. Crista said, â€Å"The books did not paint an accurate picture as to what happened in the war. I know it because I lived in it†. Crista had an unstable home life due to her mother’s inability to keep a job and support her financially. Crista ended up living with the older sister she got along with and began taking dance lessons to alleviate the pain from her back issues. During this time Crista was able to develop friendships with other dancers. Health challenges Crista has encountered includes spinal injury, a broken hip, and hearing loss. Crista states that her health challenges have been a combination of both environment and age. Her spinal injury has gotten worse and her hip although healed from its break 4 years ago still does not work like it used to. Crista says that her spine, hip, and overall health has deteriorated more since her wife died. As a result of her health issues Crista now gets around using two canes in the house and a walker when she’s out on the street. The last thing Crista anticipates in this stage of her life is death. She says she senses that her end is coming soon. Crista has not experienced any changes in her living arrangements over the last five years. She says she does not plan on making any either. Crista does admit that she has some problems keeping up with the housekeeping but says she’s fine and does not want anyone’s help. Crista says, â€Å"I should be able to do all the things around this house myself, I do not need anybody and I am keeping it that way.† Crista’s has negative feelings about getting older. She says her deteriorating health has taken her away from accomplishing the things that she wants to accomplish and from the things she enjoys. Crista says she feels sad and depressed a lot of her time. Crista believes that her life experiences in Germany have really contributed to her wisdom. She believes that her experiences in Germany taught her how to keep on living and survive. She feels that her life experiences with her wife of 50 years really contributed towards her gaining wisdom about love. Crista’s one piece of advice that she would like to share about aging, â€Å"Life is beautiful, but health has major effects on being able to enjoy that beauty†. Crista explains that aging is not bad. Rather, it is the complications that accompany it that make it difficult. Activity Theory and Crista Activity theory views older adults as being most satisfied if they are able to remain in their social roles (Whitbourne Whitbourne, 2014). Essentially under this theory, successful aging equals’ active aging and activity is shown through maintaining active roles in society (Whitbourne Whitbourne, 2014). This theory suggests that older adults should be given as many opportunities as possible to be engaged with work, family and community to encounter higher levels of life satisfaction (Whitbourne Whitbourne, 2014). Crista does not fit all the criteria for successful aging under activity theory because her social roles have lessened not from lack of desire but from lack of physical mobility and deaths of family members. Crista’s familial social roles are non –existent due to the deaths of her sisters, mother, and lack of communication with her estranged nephew. Crista’s social ties with work have been cut since retirement. On the other hand, Crista is successfully aging under activity theory profile because she has a part-time role in the Reptile Society and she is active with taking care of her home. Crista feels sad and depressed a lot of the time because she has lost some of her mobility and stamina for doing the things she once loved. Under activity theory it would be assumed that Crista has lost a major source of her identity due to losing her social roles such as work and family (Whitbourne Whitbourne, 2014). Her deteriorating health has prohibited her from reengaging in new work roles. She is not engaged socially with family since she lost her life partner and family. Activity theory explains her joy with staying connected with the Reptile Society and her feelings for being sad and depressed because of her lack of engagement in the roles of work and family. Disengagement Theory and Crista Disengagement theory states that normal and natural evolution of life causes older adults to purposefully loosen their social ties (Whitbourne Whitbourne, 2014). This type of natural detachment is not just inevitable but desirable (Whitbourne Whitbourne, 2014). The theory asserts that aging is accompanied by a mutual withdrawal process of the individual and society (Whitbourne Whitbourne, 2014). Crista did not purposefully loosen her social ties. Her physical disabilities have altered her ability to stay as socially active as she would like with the Reptile Society. Her personal social ties to family have been cut due to familial death and to assert that she has cut her nephew off due to her age would be an incorrect assertion because there was never a true social connection or relationship she had with him. Under the approach of disengagement theory retirement and isolation from family members are sought out for higher levels of being (Whitbourne Whitbourne, 2014). A lot of the time Crista is sad and depressed. Successful aging under disengagement theory states that Crista should be having a higher level of well-being due to disengagement. However considering her circumstances, she is not experiencing a higher level of well-being. Furthermore, disengagement theory does not explain Crista’s current engagement with community through participating as a part- time membe r with the Reptile society. Disengagement theory should add that older adults do still desire to be active yet it is their physical limitations and family related deaths that contribute towards the disengaging process. The disengagement process therefore is not sought out by the individual nor does it make them more content it’s a natural evolution that occurs due to life events. Conclusion There are triumphs and challenges that accompany aging. Crista’s story shows that throughout her life course, she has found both adversity and happiness and they have shaped her into the independent and head strong lady that she is today. As Crista has entered her later years her health and social ties have influenced and the impacted her feelings of satisfaction with life. Crista fits the criteria set for satisfaction/ dissatisfaction under activity theory. Conversely, disengagement theory does not explain her current level of being. Understanding the different theoretical perspectives mentioned in this article can help one make sense of their distinctive life journey and in some situations, it may be possible that this knowledge can be used to help improve ones’ present-day circumstances. References Hutchinson, E. D. (2010). A life course perspective. Retrieved from http://www.sagepub.com/hutchisonclc4e/study/chapter.htm Whitbourne, S.K., Whitbourne, S.B. (2014). Adult development and aging: Biopsychosocial perspectives (5th ed.) Hoboken, NJ Wiley.

Platos The Republic and Aristophanes The Birds Essay -- Plato Republi

Plato's The Republic and Aristophanes The Birds   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  It is evident, by Plato's The Republic and Aristophanes The Bird's, that one's vision of an ideal state is not the same mystical utopia. Plato's Republic is an well-ordered society that emphasizes the development of the community, which leads to its people believing in this philosophy. Cloudcuckooland, the idea of two lazy Athenians, is an unorganized society that lacks the substance to make it a workable society. I would much rather live in the organized Republic to the unorganized Cloudcuckooland.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The underlying philosophy of the Republic was based on the community and not the individual. There are three classes in The Republic, one no more important than the other. They are the Rulers, Auxiliaries or soldiers, and the rest of the people, such as Merchants, Carpenters, and Laborers. What I especially like, is that the class one belongs to doesn't have to do with the class of your parents, but more with what your aptitudes are. This allows people to do what they are good at which usually translates into people being more productive for the community. To keep this ordered, Plato has set up the Myth of the Metals. The Myth of the Metals states that when people are created they have one of four different types of metals in them. A person who has gold in them is destined to become a Ruler, a person who has silver in them is destined to become an auxiliary, and a person who has iron or bronze in them is destined to become a farmer or another worker. It also adds though that just because one's parents are both made up of iron doesn't mean that their children will be made up of iron, they could turn out to be Rulers with gold in them. This myth is important in keeping the society organized because it gives everyone a role in society, keeps them in place in that role, and lays out the hierarchy of the society. Another way Plato has set up a more productive society, is to get every able bodied person to work, which includes woman. Woman are treated the same as men and go through the same education processes. Plato realizes that men and woman are the same except for a few different organs, so it makes perfectly good sense for them to be working also. Plato's plans for a more productive society go deeper then just getting more people to work, he wants to breed better citizens. To do this, Rulers o... ...re to put any form of these things into their 'society';. With out these things there can be no order in a society because these are things that help keep an ordered society. Without any form of law system one has no need to abide by morals that are considered to pertain to a civilized society. Also with out any form of organized politics Pisthetairos, the ruler of this 'society';, is free to do what ever he wants. This sets up a huge potential for him to become corrupt, as he eventually does, and make Cloudcuckooland a hell. Pisthetairos also has no idea what will happen to Cloudcuckooland if he dies, and I doubt that he cares what would happen. He is content on just making things up as he goes along which is a ticking time bomb. Eventually this 'society'; will fall into the ground because of its lack of order, so for me it was no hard choice to choose the society that is workable over the 'society'; that is destined to crumble.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Republic is a workable, ordered society in which everyone works towards the good of the community. Cloudcuckooland on the other hand, is destined to become a failed society, because it is the creation of a man who's only interest is himself.

Lrc Paper

1. What are the three ways that students may receive counseling services through the LRC? You can receive counseling from the student center in three different ways- over the phone, in person and online through their online counseling center. 2. What heading are the Health Tools and Health Challenges found under? Health tool and Health challenges can be located under the â€Å"Thriving† heading. 3. Where is the Assess Your Health tool located?To access â€Å"Assess Your Health† tool you go to thriving, then to health tool and assess health tool is located to the right of the page. 4. What are the five categories on the Live Healthy Page? The five categories are How healthy are you, lifestyle change, physical fitness, prevention and screening and lastly tips for healthy living. 5. Where can resources and articles about good nutrition be found on the LRC? Information about good nutrition can be found under healthy eating located in the thriving tab. . What are three of th e health topics that can be found on the LRC? There are many health topics on LRC but three of them are â€Å"action items to lower your blood pressure, action steps for sun protection, and kids in action. 7. What are two categories found under the Medical Care heading? Two categories found under medical care heading our medical and dental care. 8. Where on the LRC would a person find information on addiction and recovery?To find information on addiction and recovery you would go to the Balancing tab and it will be located at the very bottom labeled â€Å"Addiction and Recovery†. 9. Where on the LRC would a person find information about health issues related to aging? You would locate the aging tab and then select Health and there is a lot of information related to health and aging. 10. What are three psychosocial health topics that are available on the LRC? Under balancing and relationships there’s many categories that cover psychosocial health like friendships, rela tionships and divorce.

Which is the more reliable source for investigating people’s attitudes in 1910 towards the campaign?

Source D is a newspaper report about a demonstration by women in London in 1910; we can infer these women were Suffragettes as it was around the time of the peak in Suffrage activity and the obscenities mentioned are more closely related to those of the Suffragettes than any other group. However the author of the article, mistakenly, refers to them throughout the report as Suffragists. This shows the writer's lack of knowledge on the matter, and their ignorance to the issue leads us to believe they don't even know the full story. We can also infer from this that the author was anti all women suffrage, and all groups of women who wanted the vote; Suffragettes and Suffragists. It is very likely that the author of the newspaper article in Source D was a man. We can deduce this, as around the time it was written, we know men were considered more important and therefore it is unlikely there would have been many female reporters. We can also deduce this because, although there were some women who were anti-suffrage, the majority were indeed men. Knowing this about the author would lead us to believe the article is biased against women and would therefore present them in the most negative light. The article has a rather gossipy tone to it, and although some strong facts are put across (the Suffragettes did storm the House of Commons, arrests were made, the women were led by Mrs Pankhurst and they did come from the Council of War at Caxton Hall), most of it is opinion, for instance, â€Å"It was a picture of shameful recklessness†¦Ã¢â‚¬ , is a point of view, not a fact. However this is helpful in giving us an insight into the opinions of the public too, around this time. The article was written for the Daily Sketch, a tabloid; the author would have been writing to sell papers, he would therefore be writing things that would appeal to the public and please them. We can therefore infer from the source that the public views were also anti-suffrage. Source E is a postcard issued by the Suffragettes in 1910. It is obviously a piece of propaganda as it was made by the Suffragettes and is an argument in favour of votes for women. The point it is arguing and is also proving is that, you can be a decent woman (a doctor, a nurse or a mother) and not receive the vote, but an indecent man (a lunatic, a drunkard) can receive it. Both Sources are very reliable and they are both useful in showing the reader vastly different attitudes about the campaign to gain women the vote. Source E is very good at showing us the positive side to the argument. It is very reliable in showing what Suffragettes attitudes were, however, it is purely opinionated, and being a piece of propaganda it gives us no insight into the public's view of the matter. That is why Source D is more reliable, more people supported Source D's point of view. It is extremely useful in showing attitudes towards women's suffrage and, taking into consideration that the newspaper's main aim is to report on current affairs, the story must be more dependable and factual. Being a popular tabloid also gives us a deeper insight to the views of the public, as the writer's opinions would mirror those of the public-therefore, as the writer's views were negative, it means the public's were too. In conclusion, Source D is more reliable for investigating people's attitudes in 1910 towards the Suffrage campaign.